{"id":1543,"date":"2024-09-13T16:18:58","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T14:18:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/?p=1543"},"modified":"2025-06-13T11:44:46","modified_gmt":"2025-06-13T09:44:46","slug":"zpracovani-a-analyza-dat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/zpracovani-a-analyza-dat\/","title":{"rendered":"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1543\" class=\"elementor elementor-1543\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57f74ba e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"57f74ba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd1e05d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd1e05d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ce5497 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ce5497\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pro odvozen\u00ed z\u00e1vislost\u00ed ve slo\u017eit\u00e9 kritick\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed, tj. infrastruktura metra, je v p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci pou\u017eita teorie citlivost\u00ed, kterou lze ocenit s\u00edlu jednotliv\u00fdch z\u00e1vislost\u00ed, tj. m\u00edru jejich zranitelnosti, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 schopnosti z\u00e1vislost\u00ed zp\u016fsobit selh\u00e1n\u00ed (KI, metra). Matice jsou pro jejich n\u00e1slednou anal\u00fdzu transformovan\u00e9 do grafu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-388357e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"388357e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2.1     Teorie citlivosti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57f45f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"57f45f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Z d\u016fvod\u016f lep\u0161\u00ed interpretace a pr\u00e1ce s informa\u010dn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my lze zranitelnost definovat tak\u00e9 jako citlivost s vyu\u017eit\u00edm teorie citlivost\u00ed [87,88], kterou lze poptat n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm vztahem<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[89]<\/a>:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1999 lazy loaded\" title=\"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat 1\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/60e3b58d-image.png\" alt=\"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat - absolutn\u00ed citlivost\" width=\"84\" height=\"52\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/60e3b58d-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>\u00a0(22)<\/p><p>kde\u00a0<strong><em>Si<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je absolutn\u00ed citlivost v\u00fdstupn\u00ed funkce y na parametr vstupn\u00ed funkce\u00a0<strong>x<sub>i<\/sub><\/strong>. P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dle zdroje<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[90]<\/a>\u00a0je ve smyslu elektronick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f\u00a0<strong>y = f(x1,..,,xi,\u2026,xN)<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00ed\u0165ovou (resp. syst\u00e9movou) funkc\u00ed, je\u017e je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na obvodov\u00e9m parametru\u00a0<strong>x<sub>i<\/sub><\/strong>. Zm\u011bna v\u00fdstupn\u00ed funkce syst\u00e9mu je tedy z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na jej\u00ed citlivosti a na zm\u011bn\u011b vstupn\u00edch parametr\u016f\u00a0<strong>x<sub>i<\/sub><\/strong>, uveden\u00fd vztah se z praktick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f zapisuje v maticov\u00e9m tvaru, tj. pomoc\u00ed matice citlivost\u00ed\u00a0<strong><em>S<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\"><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>[90]<\/a>:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2001 lazy loaded\" title=\"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat 2\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/b96a67d6-image.png\" alt=\"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat - matice citlivosti\" width=\"173\" height=\"40\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/b96a67d6-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(23)<\/p><p>U elektrick\u00fdch, elektronick\u00fdch a programovateln\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f (d\u00e1le jen E\/E\/PE) je v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edtat s relativn\u00ed citlivost\u00ed a s relativn\u00ed zm\u011bnou parametru, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdpo\u010det toleranc\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00ed veli\u010diny, n\u00e1vrhu toleranc\u00ed vstupn\u00edch parametr\u016f, optimalizaci citlivosti elektrick\u00e9ho obvodu, hled\u00e1n\u00ed nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f, tj. prvk\u016f s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm vlivem na zm\u011bny v\u00fdstupn\u00ed veli\u010diny<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[90]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Pro pr\u00e1ci s aktivy je vhodn\u00e9 pracovat s citlivost\u00ed absolutn\u00ed, proto\u017ee a\u010dkoliv jsou dan\u00e9 stupnice pro hodnocen\u00ed kriti\u010dnost\u00ed normalizovan\u00e9, ka\u017ed\u00e1 funkce aktiva m\u00e1 jin\u00fd fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1klad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acb8d9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"acb8d9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2.2     Maticov\u00fd z\u00e1pis a kodifikace n\u00e1zv\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97ab300 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97ab300\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zvyklost praxe je uv\u00e1d\u011bt vztahy jednotliv\u00fdch prvk\u016f v tabulk\u00e1ch. V na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o citlivost, tedy vztah vstupn\u00edch veli\u010din (pohromy, resp. aktiva a v\u00fdstupn\u00edch veli\u010din (funkce syst\u00e9mu, resp. aktiv):<\/p><p>Pro lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehlednost je pou\u017eit maticov\u00fd z\u00e1pis zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn tabulkou 8.<\/p><p><a>Tabulka\u00a0<\/a>8 Form\u00e1t tabulky kriti\u010dnost\u00ed aktiv pro jednotliv\u00e9 pohromy.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u00a0<\/td><td><strong><em>Pohroma 1<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><em>. \u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><em>Pohroma n<\/em><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>Aktivum 1<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>S11<\/td><td>. \u2026<\/td><td>Sn1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>\u2026<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>.<\/td><td>. \u2026<\/td><td>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong><em>Aktivum m<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td>S1m<\/td><td>. \u2026<\/td><td>Snm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p>Tabulku 8 p\u0159evedeme do maticov\u00e9ho tvaru, ve kter\u00e9\u00a0<strong><em>y<sub>i<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0ozna\u010duje aktiva a\u00a0<strong><em>x<sub>i<\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0ozna\u010duje pohromy. Maticov\u00fd z\u00e1pis umo\u017e\u0148uje prov\u00e1d\u011bt pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 operace a p\u0159evod matice do grafu pro anal\u00fdzu sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2002 lazy loaded\" title=\"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat 3\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/2cd7f799-image.png\" alt=\"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat - maticov\u00fd z\u00e1pis tabulky kriti\u010dnost\u00ed aktiv pomoc\u00ed teorie citlivost\u00ed\" width=\"294\" height=\"112\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/2cd7f799-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(24)<\/p><p>Vstupn\u00ed parametry\u00a0<strong><em>x<sub>i<\/sub>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>mohou ve skute\u010dnosti p\u0159edstavovat tak\u00e9 v\u00fdstupn\u00ed parametry jin\u00fdch aktiv (funkc\u00ed). V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee chceme zobrazit souvislosti v\u00edce do hloubky, lze kombinac\u00ed vstupn\u00edch a v\u00fdstupn\u00edch parametr\u016f na obou stran\u00e1ch rovnice vytvo\u0159it z\u0159et\u011bzen\u00ed, tj. pro \u00fa\u010dely pr\u00e1ce \u201ez\u0159et\u011bzen\u00e9 matice citlivost\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00e9 v technice znamenaj\u00ed m\u00edru zranitelnost\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na m\u00ed\u0159e propojen\u00ed veli\u010din nebo parametr\u016f\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[6,33]<\/a>.<\/p><p>V praxi uveden\u00e9 tabulky a matice mohou nab\u00fdvat velk\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f a pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jejich \u010ditelnosti je vhodn\u00e9 zav\u00e9st p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou kodifikaci n\u00e1zv\u016f. V diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci je pou\u017eito \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pohrom uveden\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edloze B. Pou\u017eit\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed skupin aktiv je uvedeno v\u00a0Tabulce 9.<\/p><p><a>Tabulka\u00a0<\/a>9 Pou\u017eit\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed skupin aktiv.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong><em>Skupina<\/em><\/strong><\/td><td><strong><em>Ozna\u010den\u00ed<\/em><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Konstrukce<\/td><td>AK<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technika<\/td><td>AT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Person\u00e1l<\/td><td>AP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M\u00edsta<\/td><td>AM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Funkce<\/td><td>AF<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vazby a toky<\/td><td>AV<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Organizace a ekonomika<\/td><td>AO<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p>\u010c\u00edseln\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd aktiv pou\u017eit\u00fdch n\u00ed\u017ee v\u00a0diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci je z d\u016fvodu jejich velk\u00e9ho rozsahu uvedeno v p\u0159\u00edloze C.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8e482d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f8e482d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2.3     Transformace matic do grafu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11ff125 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11ff125\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vyu\u017eit\u00edm teorie graf\u016f, popsan\u00e9 nap\u0159. v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[91],<\/a>\u00a0m\u016f\u017eeme zranitelnosti zobrazit pomoc\u00ed ohodnocen\u00e9ho orientovan\u00e9ho grafu. Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed grafu je t\u0159eba:<\/p><ul><li>pou\u017e\u00edt matice citlivost\u00ed, uveden\u00e9 v\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch odstavc\u00edch 4.2.1 a 4.2.2,<\/li><li>transformovat matice citlivosti do matic sousednost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed m\u00edry t\u011bsnosti propojen\u00ed sledovan\u00fdch veli\u010din. P\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9 matice jsou z\u00e1kladem pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed graf\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed m\u00edry propojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch veli\u010din.<\/li><\/ul><p>Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed matic sousednost\u00ed je pou\u017eit n\u00e1stroj MS Excel, export souboru s maticemi je d\u00e1le importov\u00e1n do n\u00e1stroje ur\u010den\u00e9ho pro pr\u00e1ci s grafy \u2013 Gephi\u00a0<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"1\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"000000005988b0c60000000042fc20e2_1996\"><a role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-000000005988b0c60000000042fc20e2_1996-1\">1<\/a><\/sup><a href=\"https:\/\/gephi.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat, n\u00e1stroj: G<\/a><a role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-000000005988b0c60000000042fc20e2_1996-2\">2<\/a>\u00a0verze 9.0.2\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[92]<\/a>.<\/p><p>Proces transformace do grafu lze rozd\u011blit do n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch krok\u016f:<\/p><ol type=\"1\"><li>Sestaven\u00ed matic sousednost\u00ed (m\u011br t\u011bsnosti propojen\u00ed) z matic citlivost\u00ed (m\u011br zranitelnost\u00ed).<\/li><li>Sestaven\u00ed orientovan\u00e9ho grafu \u2013 grafick\u00e1 interpretace.<\/li><li>Ohodnocen\u00ed hran (zranitelnost dan\u00e9 vazby \u2013 propojen\u00ed) a uzl\u016f (zranitelnost, resp. kriti\u010dnost sledovan\u00fdch veli\u010din, aktiv).<\/li><li>Anal\u00fdza grafu a grafick\u00e1 interpretace v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4998c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e4998c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2.3.1   Sestaven\u00ed matic sousednost\u00ed z matic citlivost\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f2dac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97f2dac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Matice sousednost\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[91]<\/a>\u00a0vyjad\u0159uje relace mezi dv\u011bma objekty (v uveden\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vstupn\u00edch a v\u00fdstupn\u00edch parametr\u016f funkce, respektive mezi uzly, kter\u00e9 reprezentuj\u00ed aktiva \u010di pohromy). Jejich sloupce i \u0159\u00e1dky vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed tut\u00e9\u017e mno\u017einu objekt\u016f ve stejn\u00e9 posloupnosti. Aby bylo mo\u017eno pou\u017e\u00edt matice citlivost\u00ed, je nutn\u00e9 za\u010d\u00edt se vstupn\u00edmi parametry funkce a n\u00e1sledn\u011b pak s v\u00fdstupn\u00edmi parametry funkce takto:\u00a0<strong><em>APdii02<\/em><\/strong>;\u00a0<strong><em>ATv<\/em><\/strong>;\u00a0<strong><em>Atzb<\/em><\/strong>;\u00a0<strong><em>AVi06<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(pou\u017eit\u00e1 ozna\u010den\u00ed jsou vysv\u011btlen\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edloze C).<\/p><p>Podle teorie matic postupujeme tak, \u017ee do pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 matice sousednost\u00ed dosad\u00edme transponovanou matici citlivost\u00ed a za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee jde o podklad pro konstrukci orientovan\u00e9ho grafu, ve kter\u00e9m vztahy jsou jednosm\u011brn\u00e9, do ostatn\u00edch pozic matice dopln\u00edme nuly \u201e0\u201c. Tabulka 10 reprezentuje v\u00fdslednou matice sousednost\u00ed, mod\u0159e podbarven\u00e9 bu\u0148ky tabulky zn\u00e1zor\u0148uj\u00ed transponovanou matici citlivost\u00ed.<\/p><p><a>Tabulka\u00a0<\/a>10 Matice sousednost\u00ed pro vztah (44) (odstavec 6.1.3).<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u00a0<\/td><td>APdii02<\/td><td>ATv<\/td><td>ATzb<\/td><td>AVi06<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>APdii02<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ATv<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ATzb<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AVi06<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure><p>P\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fd algoritmus lze aplikovat pro v\u0161echny p\u0159edchoz\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 vztahy, ve kter\u00fdch nejsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed a v\u00fdstupn\u00ed parametry spole\u010dn\u00e9. Pro z\u0159et\u011bzen\u00e9 matice je nutn\u00e9 br\u00e1t v potaz pr\u00e1v\u011b spole\u010dn\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed a v\u00fdstupn\u00ed parametry a vytv\u00e1\u0159et posloupnost uzl\u016f obez\u0159etn\u011b. Z\u00e1pis z\u0159et\u011bzen\u00e9 matice je uveden v<a>\u00a0tabulce 11<\/a><\/p><p><a>Tabulka\u00a0<\/a>11 Matice sousednost\u00ed pro z\u0159et\u011bzen\u00e9 matice (vztah (45) a 6.1.3).<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a473c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a473c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u00a0<\/td><td>AKs01<\/td><td>AKk06<\/td><td>ATv<\/td><td>AVi06<\/td><td>ATe<\/td><td>AMtp03<\/td><td>APdii02<\/td><td>ATzb<\/td><td>AVm01<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AKs01<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AKk06<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ATv<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AVi06<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ATe<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AMtp03<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>APdii02<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ATzb<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AVm01<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><td>0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c76638 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c76638\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2.3.2   Sestaven\u00ed orientovan\u00e9ho grafu \u2013 grafick\u00e1 interpretace<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3861bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3861bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Orientovan\u00fd graf je dle definice\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[91]<\/a>\u00a0vyj\u00e1d\u0159en uspo\u0159\u00e1danou trojic\u00ed:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2003 lazy loaded\" title=\"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat 4\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a0330dda-image.png\" alt=\"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat - teorie graf\u016f, orientovan\u00fd graf\" width=\"132\" height=\"38\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/a0330dda-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(25)<\/p><p>kde\u00a0<strong><em>H<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je mno\u017eina hran,\u00a0<strong><em>U<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je mno\u017eina uzl\u016f a\u00a0<strong><em>\u03c3<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je inciden\u010dn\u00ed relace vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e1 vztahem:<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2004 lazy loaded\" title=\"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat 5\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/40dcd499-image.png\" alt=\"Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat - teorie graf\u016f, inciden\u010dn\u00ed matice\" width=\"135\" height=\"35\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/40dcd499-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p>(26)<\/p><p>kde\u00a0<strong><em>u<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed vrchol a\u00a0<strong><em>v<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0je koncov\u00fd vrchol. Graf\u00a0<strong><em>G<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0lze pln\u011b odvodit z matic sousednost\u00ed<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">\u00a0[91]<\/a>. Graf pro tabulku 10 je na obr\u00e1zku 13 a pro tabulku 11 je na obr\u00e1zku 14.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2007 lazy loaded\" title=\"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat 6\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/475c94cd-image.png\" alt=\"475c94cd image\" width=\"243\" height=\"214\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/475c94cd-image.png\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure><p><a>Obr\u00e1zek\u00a0<\/a>13. Graf pro tabulku 3 (<strong>AVi06)<\/strong>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[3]<\/a>.<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2008 lazy loaded\" title=\"4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat 7\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/4cb277d2-image.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/4cb277d2-image.png 538w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/4cb277d2-image-300x273.png 300w\" alt=\"4cb277d2 image\" width=\"538\" height=\"490\" data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/4cb277d2-image.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/4cb277d2-image.png 538w, https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/stateless-www-kint-cz\/2024\/03\/4cb277d2-image-300x273.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" data-was-processed=\"true\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abab19c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"abab19c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obr\u00e1zek 14. Graf pro tabulku 4 (Avi06-m01), [3].<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8b7e12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b8b7e12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2.3.3   Ohodnocen\u00ed hran (zranitelnost dan\u00e9 vazby) a uzl\u016f (zranitelnost, resp. kriti\u010dnost)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecfda34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ecfda34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Obr\u00e1zky 13 a 14 zn\u00e1zor\u0148uj\u00ed grafy dle uveden\u00fdch matic sousednost\u00ed, ale nereprezentuj\u00ed ohodnocen\u00ed hran a parametr\u016f uzl\u016f. Ke ka\u017ed\u00e9 hran\u011b a uzlu lze textem p\u0159ipsat po\u017eadovan\u00e9 informace (ohodnocen\u00ed pomoc\u00ed v\u00e1hy hrany, resp. zranitelnost \u010di kriti\u010dnost uzlu). S vyu\u017eit\u00edm SW n\u00e1stroje\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[92]<\/a>\u00a0lze nav\u00edc uveden\u00e9 parametry r\u016fzn\u011b interpretovat graficky, tj. zm\u011bna velikosti \u010di barvy hran a uzl\u016f podle jejich vlastnost\u00ed.<\/p><p>V\u00e1ha hrany je pro \u00fa\u010dely p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce ohodnocen\u00ed m\u00edrou propojen\u00ed \u010dili m\u00edrou citlivosti (resp. zranitelnosti) c\u00edlov\u00e9 ho aktiva na vstupn\u00ed parametr (funkce aktiva \u010di pohroma).<\/p><p><strong><em>Textov\u00e9 ohodnocen\u00ed uzl\u016f<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0v diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje kriti\u010dnost, pokud je pro danou anal\u00fdzu pot\u0159eba (nap\u0159. Obr\u00e1zek 21 v\u00a0odstavci 6.2.3).<\/p><p><strong><em>Rozm\u011bry a barvy uzl\u016f a hran<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00a0diserta\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci jsou popsan\u00e9 v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm odstavci.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1aa0c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f1aa0c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2.3.4   Anal\u00fdza grafu a grafick\u00e1 interpretace v\u00fdsledk\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a58cfea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a58cfea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pro zobrazen\u00ed grafu byl pou\u017eit n\u00e1stroj Gephi 0.9.2\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[92]<\/a>. V\u00fdchoz\u00ed zobrazen\u00ed (rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed) uzl\u016f na plo\u0161e v n\u00e1stroji nen\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed, proto je nutn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed vhodn\u011b upravit. Lze vyu\u017e\u00edt manu\u00e1ln\u00edho rozmis\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed uzl\u016f podle pot\u0159eby a typu uzlu nebo je tak\u00e9 mo\u017enost vyu\u017e\u00edt zn\u00e1m\u00fdch algoritm\u016f. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 barevn\u00e9 rozli\u0161en\u00ed uzl\u016f a hran a jejich velikost je vhodn\u00e9 upravit podle jejich stupn\u011b, vah a dal\u0161\u00edch parametr\u016f.<\/p><p>Pro anal\u00fdzu graf\u016f bylo zvoleno n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed nastaven\u00ed voliteln\u00fdch parametr\u016f, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1stroj umo\u017e\u0148uje\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[92]<\/a>:<\/p><ol type=\"1\"><li><strong><em>Rozlo\u017een\u00ed:<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>silov\u011b zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 Fruchterman-Reingold\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/veda-technika\/integralni-bezpecnost\/integral-safety-definice\/pouzita-literatura-pro-clanky-integralni-bezpecnost\/\">[93]<\/a>,<\/li><li>oblast: 10000; gravitace: 10; rychlost 1, kter\u00e9 ovlivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed uzl\u016f a hran na pracovn\u00ed plo\u0161e (resp. na pl\u00e1tn\u011b) v\u00a0SW n\u00e1stroji.<\/li><li><strong><em>Uzly:<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>velikost dle \u201eStupn\u011b dovnit\u0159\u201c; min: 10; max: 50; exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b, uveden\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed na pracovn\u00ed plo\u0161e exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed uzly, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00edce vstupuj\u00edc\u00edch hran,<\/li><li>barva dle \u201eStupn\u011b dovnit\u0159\u201c; min: \u010dern\u00e1; max: \u010derven\u00e1; line\u00e1rn\u011b, uveden\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed na pracovn\u00ed plo\u0161e \u010derven\u011b zabarv\u00ed uzly, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00edce vstupuj\u00edc\u00edch hran,<\/li><li><strong><em>\u201estupe\u0148 dovnit\u0159\u201c<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0vyjad\u0159uje po\u010det vstupuj\u00edc\u00edch hran do dan\u00e9ho uzlu bez ohledu na jejich v\u00e1hu,<\/li><li><strong><em>\u201estupe\u0148 ven\u201c<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0vyjad\u0159uje po\u010det vystupuj\u00edc\u00edch hran z dan\u00e9ho uzlu bez ohledu na jejich v\u00e1hu.<\/li><li><strong><em>Hrany:<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edm nastaven\u00ed tlou\u0161\u0165ka dle v\u00e1hy,<\/li><li>barva dle \u201eV\u00e1hy\u201c; min: \u010dern\u00e1; max: \u010derven\u00e1; v\u00a0intervalu mezi minimem a maximem line\u00e1rn\u011b rozlo\u017een\u00e1.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>4.2 Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a anal\u00fdza dat Pro odvozen\u00ed z\u00e1vislost\u00ed ve slo\u017eit\u00e9 kritick\u00e9 infrastruktu\u0159e, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017eit\u00ed, tj. infrastruktura metra, je v [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3804,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[297,165],"class_list":["post-1543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-integralni-bezpecnost","tag-integralni-bezpecnost","tag-zpracovani-dat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1543"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3752,"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543\/revisions\/3752"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3804"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.kint.cz\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}